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mathematics
intermediate

Bloch Sphere

Definition

A geometrical representation of a single qubit's state as a point on a unit sphere. The north pole represents |0⟩, the south pole |1⟩, and equatorial points are equal superpositions.

AI Explanation

Examples

  • • The state |+⟩ = (|0⟩ + |1⟩)/√2 is represented as a point on the equator of the Bloch sphere.
  • • A Hadamard gate rotates the state from the north pole to the equator.

Visual

3D sphere with arrows: north = |0⟩, south = |1⟩, and a vector from center to surface showing the qubit's state.

Related Concepts

Qubit
Superposition
Phase
Quantum State

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