Breaking
IonQ shares rise after major quantum computing breakthroughMicrosoft to give DARPA hands-on access to quantum system at new Maryland siteUS government could take equity stake in quantum computing firms - reportAnderon Finalizes $1 Billion CHIPS Act AwardD-Wave Quantum Finalizes Definitive Agreement with U.S. Department of Commerce for up to $100MRigetti Signs Definitive Agreement for $100M with U.S. Government to Accelerate R&D for Superconducting Quantum ComputingRigetti Wins $100M From US Government For Quantum R&DRigetti Signs Definitive Agreement for $100M with U.S. Government for Quantum Computing R&DD-Wave Secures Access to Up to $100M in CHIPS Act FundingQuantum Firm Pasqal Shares Jump 95% in Debut Via SPAC MergerBipartisan Congress Moves To Boost Quantum FundingTuringQ Planning to IPO and In Race to Become China’s First Public Quantum FirmCongress Moves to Boost Quantum Funding as US Competes With China, EuropeIBM, Qedma Demo Quantum Advantage Beyond Classical Computing LimitsIonQ Completes $1.8 Billion Acquisition of SkyWater TechnologyIonQ Completes $1.8 Billion Acquisition of SkyWater Technology to Become First Vertically Integrated Quantum PlatformIBM and Ecosystem Partners Demonstrate Trusted Quantum Advantage Beyond Classical LimitsAlgorithmiq and IBM Achieve Quantum Advantage Milestone in Heterogeneous Matter SimulationIonQ Receives Final Regulatory Approval for $1.8B SkyWater Technology AcquisitionPsiQuantum Secures $125 Million DARPA Agreement for Quantum BenchmarkingIonQ shares rise after major quantum computing breakthroughMicrosoft to give DARPA hands-on access to quantum system at new Maryland siteUS government could take equity stake in quantum computing firms - reportAnderon Finalizes $1 Billion CHIPS Act AwardD-Wave Quantum Finalizes Definitive Agreement with U.S. Department of Commerce for up to $100MRigetti Signs Definitive Agreement for $100M with U.S. Government to Accelerate R&D for Superconducting Quantum ComputingRigetti Wins $100M From US Government For Quantum R&DRigetti Signs Definitive Agreement for $100M with U.S. Government for Quantum Computing R&DD-Wave Secures Access to Up to $100M in CHIPS Act FundingQuantum Firm Pasqal Shares Jump 95% in Debut Via SPAC MergerBipartisan Congress Moves To Boost Quantum FundingTuringQ Planning to IPO and In Race to Become China’s First Public Quantum FirmCongress Moves to Boost Quantum Funding as US Competes With China, EuropeIBM, Qedma Demo Quantum Advantage Beyond Classical Computing LimitsIonQ Completes $1.8 Billion Acquisition of SkyWater TechnologyIonQ Completes $1.8 Billion Acquisition of SkyWater Technology to Become First Vertically Integrated Quantum PlatformIBM and Ecosystem Partners Demonstrate Trusted Quantum Advantage Beyond Classical LimitsAlgorithmiq and IBM Achieve Quantum Advantage Milestone in Heterogeneous Matter SimulationIonQ Receives Final Regulatory Approval for $1.8B SkyWater Technology AcquisitionPsiQuantum Secures $125 Million DARPA Agreement for Quantum Benchmarking
Back to Learn
Advanced
Security

Post-Quantum Cryptography: Preparing for the Quantum Threat

14 min read 3 views 0

Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) refers to cryptographic algorithms believed to be secure against attacks by quantum computers.

The Threat

Shor's algorithm can break RSA, ECC, and Diffie-Hellman in polynomial time. Once large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computers exist, all current public-key cryptography becomes vulnerable.

Harvest Now, Decrypt Later

Adversaries are currently harvesting encrypted data to decrypt later when quantum computers mature. This makes the transition urgent even before quantum computers exist.

NIST PQC Standards

NIST has standardized post-quantum algorithms:

  • ▸FIPS 203: ML-KEM (Kyber) — key encapsulation
  • ▸FIPS 204: ML-DSA (Dilithium) — digital signatures
  • ▸FIPS 205: SLH-DSA (SPHINCS+) — hash-based signatures

Migration Challenges

  • ▸Performance: PQC algorithms have larger key/signature sizes
  • ▸Protocol integration: updating TLS, VPN, and other protocols
  • ▸Hybrid approaches: running classical + PQC during transition
  • ▸Discovery: finding all cryptographic dependencies in legacy systems
post-quantum
cryptography
NIST
security
RSA

© 2026 QuantumG1 — Generation One of Quantum Begins Here